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Japanese calendar types have included a range of official and unofficial systems. At present, Japan uses the Gregorian calendar, together with year designations stating the year of the reign of the current emperor.〔("Calendar" at Japan-guide.com ); Bramsen, William. (1880). (''Japanese chronological tables,'' p. 25 ).〕 ==History== The lunisolar Chinese calendar was introduced to Japan via Korea in the middle of the sixth century. After that, Japan calculated its calendar using various Chinese calendar procedures, and from 1685, using Japanese variations of the Chinese procedures. But in 1873, as part of Japan's Meiji Period modernization, a calendar based on the solar Gregorian calendar was introduced.〔See the page on the history of the calendar at the National Diet Library site: ().〕 In Japan today, the old Chinese calendar is virtually ignored; celebrations of the Lunar New Year are thus limited to Chinese and other Asian immigrant communities. Japan has had more than one system for designating years.〔Clement, Ernest W. (1902). "(Japanese Calendars )", in ''Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan,'' Vol. 30-31, p. 3.〕 including * The Chinese sexagenary cycle was early introduced into Japan.〔Bramsen, (pp. 5-11 ).〕 It was often used together with era names, as in the 1729 Ise calendar shown above, which is for "the 14th year of Kyōhō, tsuchi-no-to no tori", i.e., 己酉. Now, though, the cycle is seldom used except around New Year's. * The system was also introduced from China, and has been in continuous use since AD 701.〔Bramsen, (pp. 2-5 ).〕 Each emperor's reign begins a new era; before 1868 era names were often also declared for other reasons.〔See list of nengō with the reasons for the changes in ''Rekishi Dokuhon'', January 2008 ("Nihon no Nengo Tokushuu"), pp. 196-221.〕 Nengō are the official means of dating years in Japan, and virtually all government business is conducted using that system. It is also in general use in private and personal business. * The or kigen 紀元 is based on the date of the legendary founding of Japan by Emperor Jimmu in 660 BC.〔Bramsen, (p. 11 ).〕 It was first used in the official calendar in 1873.〔See "2533 years since Jinmu's accesion" in the heading ()"〕 However, it never replaced era names, and since World War II has been abandoned.〔"kigen" in ''Kokushi Daijiten'', vol. 4 (Yoshikawa Kô Bunkan, 1983).〕 * The system has gradually come into common use since the Meiji period.〔Bramsen, (p. 25 ).〕 Now, most people know it, as well as era names. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Japanese calendar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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